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Installing Arch Linux
  • chroniccommand
    Posts: 1,389
    I've decided to write up a little guide on installing Arch Linux.

    What is Arch?


    Arch Linux is an independently-developed i686/x86-64 community distribution, based on a rolling-release model and targeted at competent GNU/Linux users which offers large binary repositories and full-featured package management as well as a ports-like packaging system. Development focuses on a balance of minimalism, elegance, code correctness and modernity. Version 0.1 (Homer) was released March 11, 2002.


    Taken right from the wiki. I personally think Arch is one of the greatest Linux distros available. I'll be going over the basic installation progress.

    Step 1:
    Grab yourself a copy of the Arch Linux ISO file, located HERE. You can either download the netinstall image or the core image. The netinstall image installs everything through the Internet using mirrors. The core image includes everything needed to get started. I've selected core for my install.

    Step 2:
    Pop in the disk. Or, you can run this on a virtual box. Whichever you choose, you should be greeted with the Arch bootup screen. Hit enter to continue with the installation. After a bit you should get a terminal. Login as the user root with no password. After you login execute /arch/setup
    This will run the setup program. Continue with all the basic steps. This includes setting the date/time, packages, etc. Also you will need to do some disk formatting. You can either format the entire disk to use all Arch or you can partition your HD to dual boot.

    Step 3:
    Now time to configure then install. Hit configure system. This will bring you to another menu. You should be able to edit files like /etc/rc.conf. You should leave these alone but you can edit these if you'd like. Now hit change root password. This will ask you for a new UNIX password. Just type anything you will remember. After this you install the bootloader. I recommend GRUB which is the default. Of course, you can install others. Now just reboot and take out the disk. You now have Arch running!

    Configuring:
    Now to configure your new system. First, login using root and the password you set. Now to configure.

    Adding user:
    Once logged in as root use this command:
    useradd -m -g <initial_group> -G <additional_groups> -s <login_shell> <username>

    Example:

    useradd -m -g users -G audio,lp,optical,storage,video,wheel,games,power,scanner -s /bin/bash chronic

    This will add a new user chronic, that belongs to the groups audio,lp,optical,storage,video,wheel,games,power and scanner.

    Repositories:
    Arch uses Pacman for the package manager. Pacman is very good in my opinion. So lets get mirrors and such set up. Arch currently has these pre-installed package repositories:
    [list]
    [*]Core[/*:m]
    [*]Extra[/*:m]
    [*]Community[/*:m]
    [*]Testing[/*:m][/list:u]
    First we have to edit /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist. You should open this file as root in an editor such as nano.
    Once the file is opened you should uncomment(take out the #) in front of the preferred mirrors. I just uncommented all the U.S mirrors.

    Now update.
    pacman -Syu



    Installing SUDO:
    Sudo is very useful. You can run programs with escalated priv's without changing to root. To install it, type:
    pacman -S sudo

    This will install sudo. Now we need to edit the sudoers file. NOTE: You MUST use the visudo command. By default the editor is VI. If you want to change it, type:
    EDITOR=nano visudo

    This will open visudo using nano. Now scroll down and find:
    %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
    And uncomment it. This will allow users in the group wheel to run sudo commands. If you want a user to be able to use sudo, add them to the wheel group.

    GUI:
    Chances are, you're gonna want a GUI. For this we need to install xorg and then a Desktop Environment like kde or gnome.
    To install xorg:
    pacman -S xorg

    That should install it. Now if you type startx, you should be able to get into the default DE, TWM. But this is a pretty shitty DE. Lets say we want to install gnome.
    pacman -S gnome


    This will install gnome for us. Now we need to edit the ~/.xinitrc. If it isn't there, login as your default user you created and go to the home directory. From there, type 
    nano .xinitrc

    And make this the contents:

    #!/bin/sh
    #
    # ~/.xinitrc
    #
    # Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)

    exec gnome-session
    # exec startkde
    # exec startxfce4
    # exec wmaker
    # exec icewm
    # exec blackbox
    # exec fluxbox
    # exec openbox-session
    # exec xterm

    This will start the x server as gnome. If you want kde, comment gnome-session and uncomment the startkde line. Now just type startx and you should be in your DE.

    For more help, please refer to https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Main_Page

    This is the official Arch Linux wiki. I'd recommend reading it.

    --chroniccommand
  • Sh3llc0d3
    Posts: 1,910
    Nice guide, Arch & Gentoo are good on systems that underpeform, especially if you tailor them correctly :)
  • sangf
    Posts: 203
    nice guide, i just thought i'd add a bit of info to go with it, for dual booting arch with windows (assumes installer is not run yet :P)

    existing windows installations need to shrink their main volume (only if there's no space left for an additional linux partition) this is quite easy in xp pro/vista/win7, so google can help you: "windows shrink partition". otherwise, windows should be the first partition, with the linux ones coming after that, the structure should look like this in the end:

    0,0 sda1 windows (xxGB)
    0,1 sda2 /boot (100mb)
    0,2 sda3 / (10000+mb)
    0,3 sda4 swap (1024-1512mb)
    0,4 sda5 /home (xxGB)

    the tool to create the partitions like that is within the arch setup, if you manually configure it you'll see how you can split it up like i've listed.

    /boot should be of filesystem ext2
    swap should be swap
    / could be any normal filesystem, i use ext4, normally ext3
    /home is the same, i use ext4

    now, through the arch setup somewhere it should ask to install grub (boot-loader), which should be installed to /boot (should be correct by default), edit the config: /boot/grub/menu.lst

    make sure the windows section looks something like below (if you followed this):
    # Windows XP
    title Windows XP
    rootnoverify (hd0,0)
    chainloader +1


    of course, there are plenty of ways to acheive this, this is just to help lazy people that want to do it successfully first time without messing about. the wiki documentation is probably the best resource, so here's some links where you can better understand:

    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wi ... _Dual_Boot
    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Be ... ard_Drives
  • comhack
    Posts: 17
    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.

    I wrote a long tutorial myself for installing Archlinux on a forum I am an Admin of (All Things Linux). Anyway, I went a little more in-dept on a few things in my tutorial, like yaourt and others. Feel free to copy anything you would like to add to yours

    http://forums.scotsnewsletter.com/index ... opic=27596

    Let me know what you think. I am not trying to step on anyone's toes, just trying to add info to the collective ;)
  • Sh3llc0d3
    Posts: 1,910
    said:


    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.

    I wrote a long tutorial myself for installing Archlinux on a forum I am an Admin of (All Things Linux). Anyway, I went a little more in-dept on a few things in my tutorial, like yaourt and others. Feel free to copy anything you would like to add to yours

    http://forums.scotsnewsletter.com/index ... opic=27596

    Let me know what you think. I am not trying to step on anyone's toes, just trying to add info to the collective ;)



    Amazing post, well done!
  • comhack
    Posts: 17
    said:


    Amazing post, well done!


    Thanks a lot. I still update it from time to time when something changes.
  • chroniccommand
    Posts: 1,389
    said:


    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.



    I <3 arch. Actually I'm having problems with it right now though :(
  • comhack
    Posts: 17
    said:


    said:


    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.



    I <3 arch. Actually I'm having problems with it right now though :(


    What kind of problem?
  • Sh3llc0d3
    Posts: 1,910
    said:


    said:


    said:


    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.



    I <3 arch. Actually I'm having problems with it right now though :(


    What kind of problem?


    It was this: http://www.iexploit.org/community/showt ... p?tid=2509
  • comhack
    Posts: 17
    said:


    said:


    said:


    said:


    Nice to see another Archer!!!! Also, great tutorial.



    I <3 arch. Actually I'm having problems with it right now though :(


    What kind of problem?


    It was this: http://www.iexploit.org/community/showt ... p?tid=2509


    Glad you got it working!! I was going to suggest wicd to you ;)

    For some reason I am not getting email notification and I have been busy the last few days setting up a new machine so I did not see the reply. Sorry about that.
  • Sh3llc0d3
    Posts: 1,910
    said:


    For some reason I am not getting email notification and I have been busy the last few days setting up a new machine so I did not see the reply. Sorry about that.


    Just so you know,

    Email notifications are not active at the moment. We've had problems with the email server so it was deactivated. If you have a problem (need password/account reset or similar that would usually be done via your email let a member of the admin team know).

    Details
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